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Abstract/Sommario: The International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM) has gained the status of the premier meeting for the physics of nuclei far from stability. The selected and refereed papers presenting the main results constitute valuable proceedings that offer everyone working in this field an authoritative and comprehensive source of reference

Abstract/Sommario: From the contents: From Astrometry to Celestial Mechanics: Orbit Determination with Very Short Arcs -- On the stability regions of the Trojan asteroids -- Formal Integrals and Nekhoroshev Stability in a Mapping Model for the Trojan Asteroids -- The Observed Trojans and the Global Dynamics Around the Lagrangian Points of the Sun–Jupiter System -- Chaotic Diffusion and Effective Stability of Jupiter Trojans -- Analytical Proper Elements for the Hilda Asteroids I: Construction of a Formal ...; [Leggi tutto...] From the contents: From Astrometry to Celestial Mechanics: Orbit Determination with Very Short Arcs -- On the stability regions of the Trojan asteroids -- Formal Integrals and Nekhoroshev Stability in a Mapping Model for the Trojan Asteroids -- The Observed Trojans and the Global Dynamics Around the Lagrangian Points of the Sun–Jupiter System -- Chaotic Diffusion and Effective Stability of Jupiter Trojans -- Analytical Proper Elements for the Hilda Asteroids I: Construction of a Formal Solutions -- Stability of Co-orbital Motion in Exoplanetary Systems -- The General Solution of the Planar Laplace Problem -- Dynamics of 2/1 Resonant Extrasolar Systems Application to HD82943 and GLIESE876 -- Global Dynamics in Self-Consistent Models of Elliptical Galaxies -- Chaotic Motions in the Field of Two Fixed Black Holes -- Discrete Virial Theorem -- Local and Global Diffusion Along Resonant Lines in Discrete Quasi-Integrable Dynamical Systems -- The Role of Hyperbolic Invariant Sets in Stickiness Effects -- Stellar-Planetary Relations: Atmospheric Stability as a Prerequisite for Planetary Habitability -- Dynamic Habitability of Extrasolar Planetary Systems. - The papers in this volume cover a wide range of subjects covering the most recent developments in Celestial Mechanics from the theoretical point of nonlinear dynamical systems to the application to real problems. We emphasize the papers on the formation of planetary systems, their stability and also the problem of habitable zones in extrasolar planetary systems. A special topic is the stability of Trojans in our planetary system, where more and more realistic dynamical models are used to explain their complex motions: besides the important contribution from the theoretical point of view, the results of several numerical experiments unraveled the structure of the stable zone around the librations points. This volume will be of interest to astronomers and mathematicians interested in Hamiltonian mechanics and in the dynamics of planetary systems

Abstract/Sommario: Wavefront Correctors and Mirror Control -- Wavefront Sensors -- Laser Resonators and Laser Amplifiers -- Medical Applications -- Atmospheric Propagation. - This book treats the development and application of adaptive optics for industry and medicine. The contributions describe recently developed components for adaptive-optics systems such as deformable mirrors, wavefront sensors, and mirror drivers as well as complete adaptive optical systems and their applications in industry and medi ...; [Leggi tutto...] Wavefront Correctors and Mirror Control -- Wavefront Sensors -- Laser Resonators and Laser Amplifiers -- Medical Applications -- Atmospheric Propagation. - This book treats the development and application of adaptive optics for industry and medicine. The contributions describe recently developed components for adaptive-optics systems such as deformable mirrors, wavefront sensors, and mirror drivers as well as complete adaptive optical systems and their applications in industry and medicine. Applications range from laser-beam forming and adaptive aberration correction for high-power lasers to retinal imaging in ophthalmology. The contributions are based on presentations made at the 4th International Workshop on Adaptive Optics in Industry and Medicine which took place in Münster, Germany, in October 2003. This highly successful series of workshops on adaptive optics started in 1997 and continues with the 5th workshop in Beijing in 2005

Abstract/Sommario: Nonrelativistic multi-particle-systems -- Relativistic wave equations -- Relativistic fields -- Appendices. - Advanced Quantum Mechanics, the second volume on quantum mechanics by Franz Schwabl, discusses nonrelativistic multi-particle systems, relativistic wave equations and relativistic fields. Characteristic of Schwabl’s work, this volume features a compelling mathematical presentation in which all intermediate steps are derived and where numerous examples for application and exerci ...; [Leggi tutto...] Nonrelativistic multi-particle-systems -- Relativistic wave equations -- Relativistic fields -- Appendices. - Advanced Quantum Mechanics, the second volume on quantum mechanics by Franz Schwabl, discusses nonrelativistic multi-particle systems, relativistic wave equations and relativistic fields. Characteristic of Schwabl’s work, this volume features a compelling mathematical presentation in which all intermediate steps are derived and where numerous examples for application and exercises help the reader to gain a thorough working knowledge of the subject. The treatment of relativistic wave equations and their symmetries and the fundamentals of quantum field theory lay the foundations for advanced studies in solid-state physics, nuclear and elementary particle physics. This text extends and complements Schwabl’s introductory Quantum Mechanics, which covers nonrelativistic quantum mechanics and offers a short treatment of the quantization of the radiation field. New material has been added to this third edition of Advanced Quantum Mechanics on Bose gases, the Lorentz covariance of the Dirac equation, and the ‘hole theory’ in the chapter "Physical Interpretation of the Solutions to the Dirac Equation."

Abstract/Sommario: Optical Signal Recording -- Overview of Photon Counting Techniques -- Advanced TCSPC Techniques -- Building Blocks of Advanced TCSPC Devices -- Applications of Modern TCSPC Techniques -- Detectors for Photon Counting -- Practice of TCSPC Experiments. - Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is a remarkable technique for recording low-level light signals with extremely high precision and picosecond-time resolution. TCSPC has developed from an intrinsically time-consuming and one ...; [Leggi tutto...] Optical Signal Recording -- Overview of Photon Counting Techniques -- Advanced TCSPC Techniques -- Building Blocks of Advanced TCSPC Devices -- Applications of Modern TCSPC Techniques -- Detectors for Photon Counting -- Practice of TCSPC Experiments. - Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is a remarkable technique for recording low-level light signals with extremely high precision and picosecond-time resolution. TCSPC has developed from an intrinsically time-consuming and one-dimensional technique into a fast, multi-dimensional technique to record light signals. So this reference and text describes how advanced TCSPC techniques work and demonstrates their application to time-resolved laser scanning microscopy, single molecule spectroscopy, photon correlation experiments, and diffuse optical tomography of biological tissue. It gives practical hints about constructing suitable optical systems, choosing and using detectors, detector safety, preamplifiers, and using the control features and optimising the operating conditions of TCSPC devices. Advanced TCSPC Techniques is an indispensable tool for everyone in research and development who is confronted with the task of recording low-intensity light signals in the picosecond and nanosecond range

Abstract/Sommario: Preface -- Spherical Symmetry -- Coulomb Problem -- Particles With Spin -- Qubits -- Composite Systems -- Quantum Information Theory -- Relativistic Systems in One Dimension -- The Dirac Equation -- Perturbation and Scattering Theory -- Appendix A: Synopsis of Quantum Mechanics -- Appendix B: Books -- Appendix C: Movie Index -- Index. - Advanced Visual Quantum Mechanics is a systematic effort to investigate and to teach quantum mechanics with the aid of computer-generated animations. I ...; [Leggi tutto...] Preface -- Spherical Symmetry -- Coulomb Problem -- Particles With Spin -- Qubits -- Composite Systems -- Quantum Information Theory -- Relativistic Systems in One Dimension -- The Dirac Equation -- Perturbation and Scattering Theory -- Appendix A: Synopsis of Quantum Mechanics -- Appendix B: Books -- Appendix C: Movie Index -- Index. - Advanced Visual Quantum Mechanics is a systematic effort to investigate and to teach quantum mechanics with the aid of computer-generated animations. It is a self-contained textbook that combines selected topics from atomic physics (spherical symmetry, the hydrogen atom, and particles with spin) with an introduction to quantum information theory (qubits, EPR paradox, teleportation, quantum computers). It explores relativistic quantum mechanics and the strange behavior of Dirac equation solutions. A series of appendices covers important topics from perturbation and scattering theory. The book places an emphasis on ideas and concepts, with a fair to moderate amount of mathematical rigor. Though this book stands alone, it can also be paired with Thaller Visual Quantum Mechanics to form a comprehensive course in quantum mechanics. The software for the first book earned the European Academic Software Award 2000 for outstanding innovation in its field

Abstract/Sommario: From Quantum Models to Novel Effects to New Applications: Theory of Nanotube Devices -- Symmetry Based Fundamentals on Carbon Nanotubes -- Elastic Continuum Models of Phonons in Carbon Nanotubes -- Direct Growth of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on Flat Substrates for Nanoscale Electronic Applications -- Nano-Peapods Encapsulating Fullerenes -- The Selective Chemistry of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes -- Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes -- The Raman Response ...; [Leggi tutto...] From Quantum Models to Novel Effects to New Applications: Theory of Nanotube Devices -- Symmetry Based Fundamentals on Carbon Nanotubes -- Elastic Continuum Models of Phonons in Carbon Nanotubes -- Direct Growth of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on Flat Substrates for Nanoscale Electronic Applications -- Nano-Peapods Encapsulating Fullerenes -- The Selective Chemistry of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes -- Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes -- The Raman Response of Double-Wall Carbon Nanotubes -- Carbon Nanotube Electronics and Optoelectronics -- Carbon Nanotube-Biomolecule Interactions: Applications in Carbon Nanotube Separation and Biosensing -- Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Nanotubes Determined Using In-Situ TEM Probes -- Nanomanipulator Measurements of the Mechanics of Nanostructures and Nanocomposites. - The book describes the state-of-the-art in fundamental, applied and device physics of nanotubes, including fabrication, manipulation and characterization for device applications; optics of nanotubes; transport and electromechanical devices and fundamentals of theory for applications. This information is critical to the field of nanoscience since nanotubes have the potential to become a very significant electronic material for decades to come. The book will benefit all all readers interested in the application of nanotubes, either in their theoretical foundations or in newly developed characterization tools that may enable practical device fabrication

Abstract/Sommario: Preface -- 1 The Synthesis of the Elements and the Formation of Stars -- 2 Organic Molecules in the Interstellar Medium -- 3 Chemistry of Protoplanetary Disks -- 4 Planet Formation: Problems and Prospects -- 5 From Elemental Carbon to Complex Macromolecular Networks in Space -- 6 Organic Molecules in Planetary Atmospheres -- 7 Observations and Laboratory Data of Planetary Organics -- 8 The Molecular Complexity of Comets -- 9 Kuiper belt: Water and Organics -- 10 Interplanetary Dust Par ...; [Leggi tutto...] Preface -- 1 The Synthesis of the Elements and the Formation of Stars -- 2 Organic Molecules in the Interstellar Medium -- 3 Chemistry of Protoplanetary Disks -- 4 Planet Formation: Problems and Prospects -- 5 From Elemental Carbon to Complex Macromolecular Networks in Space -- 6 Organic Molecules in Planetary Atmospheres -- 7 Observations and Laboratory Data of Planetary Organics -- 8 The Molecular Complexity of Comets -- 9 Kuiper belt: Water and Organics -- 10 Interplanetary Dust Particles and Astrobiology -- 11 The Prebiotic Atmosphere of the Earth -- 12 Early Life on Earth: The Ancient Fossil Record -- 13 Highly Altered Organic Matter on Earth: Biosignature Relevance -- 14 Insoluble Organic Matter in Carbonaceous Chondrites and Archean Cherts. An Insight into their Structure by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance -- 15 The Chemistry of the Origin of Life -- 16 A Novel Synthesis of Biomolecular Precursors. - Astrobiology, a new exciting interdisciplinary research field, seeks to unravel the origin and evolution of life wherever it might exist in the Universe. The current view of the origin of life on Earth is that it is strongly connected to the origin and evolution of our planet and, indeed, of the Universe as a whole. We are fortunate to be living in an era where centuries of speculation about the two ancient and fundamental problems: the origin of life and its prevalence in the Universe are being replaced by experimental science. The subject of Astrobiology can be approached from many different perspectives. This book is focused on abiogenic organic matter from the viewpoint of astronomy and planetary science and considers its potential relevance to the origins of life on Earth and elsewhere. Guided by the review papers in this book, the concluding chapter aims to identify key questions to motivate future research and stimulate astrobiological applications of current and future research facilities and space missions. Today’s rich array of new spacecraft, telescopes and dedicated scientists promises a steady flow of discoveries and insights that will ultimately lead us to the answers we seek

Abstract/Sommario: Historical Introduction -- The Standard Model of Elementary Particles -- Kinematics and Cross Sections -- Physics of Particle and Radiation Detection -- Acceleration Mechanisms -- Primary Cosmic Rays -- Secondary Cosmic Rays -- Cosmology -- The Early Universe -- Big Bang Nucleosynthesis -- The Cosmic Microwave Background -- Inflation -- Dark Matter -- Astrobiology -- Outlook -- Glossary -- Solutions -- Mathematical Appendix -- Results from Statistical Physics: Thermodynamics of the Ear ...; [Leggi tutto...] Historical Introduction -- The Standard Model of Elementary Particles -- Kinematics and Cross Sections -- Physics of Particle and Radiation Detection -- Acceleration Mechanisms -- Primary Cosmic Rays -- Secondary Cosmic Rays -- Cosmology -- The Early Universe -- Big Bang Nucleosynthesis -- The Cosmic Microwave Background -- Inflation -- Dark Matter -- Astrobiology -- Outlook -- Glossary -- Solutions -- Mathematical Appendix -- Results from Statistical Physics: Thermodynamics of the Early Universe -- Definition of Equatorial and Galactic Coordinates -- Important Constants for Astroparticle Physics -- References -- Further Reading -- Photo Credits -- Index. - The book describes the branch of astrophysics in which processes in the universe are investigated with experimental methods known from particle physics experiments. After a historical introduction to the basics of elementary particles, their interactions and the relevant detection techniques are described. The main body of the book concerns cosmic rays. The modern aspects of astroparticle physics are described in a chapter on cosmology. The book provides an orientation in the field of astroparticle physics that many beginners might look for. The physics issues are presented with little mathematics, and the results are illustrated by many diagrams. The reader has a chance to enter this field of astrophysics with a book that closes the gap between expert and popular level

Abstract/Sommario: From the contents: Cosmic Structures: Solar System -- The Milky Way -- World Substratum -- Distance Ladder -- Galaxies, Galaxy Clusters, and Sponge Structure -- Cosmology -- Gas Dynamics: Galactic Pressures -- Shock Waves -- Stellar Winds -- H II Regions -- Stability of a Contact Discontinuity -- Pressure Bombs -- Supernovae -- Radiation and Spectra: Radiation by an Accelerated Point Charge -- Frequency Distributions -- Spectra Emitted by Ensembles. - For a quantitative understanding o ...; [Leggi tutto...] From the contents: Cosmic Structures: Solar System -- The Milky Way -- World Substratum -- Distance Ladder -- Galaxies, Galaxy Clusters, and Sponge Structure -- Cosmology -- Gas Dynamics: Galactic Pressures -- Shock Waves -- Stellar Winds -- H II Regions -- Stability of a Contact Discontinuity -- Pressure Bombs -- Supernovae -- Radiation and Spectra: Radiation by an Accelerated Point Charge -- Frequency Distributions -- Spectra Emitted by Ensembles. - For a quantitative understanding of the physics of the universe - from the solar system through the milky way to clusters of galaxies all the way to cosmology - these edited lecture notes are perhaps among the most concise and also among the most critical ones: Astrophysics has not yet stood the redundancy test of laboratory physics, hence should be wary of early interpretations. Special chapters are devoted to magnetic and radiation processes, supernovae, disks, black-hole candidacy, bipolar flows, cosmic rays, gamma-ray bursts, image distortions, and special sources. At the same time, planet earth is viewed as the arena for life, with plants and animals having evolved to homo sapiens during cosmic time. -- This text is unique in covering the basic qualitative and quantitative tools, formulae as well as numbers, needed for the precise interpretation of frontline phenomena in astrophysical research. The author compares mainstream interpretations with new and even controversial ones he wishes to emphasize. The second edition includes numerous updates throughout the book and, in addition, it contains a list of alternative explanations to astrophysical findings that can be seen as a serious testing ground for young scientists