Risultati ricerca

Copertina An Introduction to the Evolution of Single and Binary Stars

On-Line

Benacquista, Matthew

An Introduction to the Evolution of Single and Binary Stars / by Matthew Benacquista. - New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint : Springer, 2013. - XII, 262 p. 68 ill., 31 ill. in color ; digital. - (Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics)

New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint : Springer, 2013

Abstract/Sommario: Classifying and Describing Stars -- Introduction to Binary Systems -- Measuring Other Stellar Properties -- Stellar Evolution Equations -- Gas and Radiation Pressures -- Radiative Transfer and Stellar Atmospheres -- Nuclear Processes -- Simple Stellar Models -- Stability -- Stellar Birth -- Main Sequence Structure -- Compact Remnants -- Binary Evolution -- Star Cluster Dynamics -- Dynamical Evolution of Binaries -- Useful Constants -- Atomic Properties of Selected Elements -- Closest a ...; [Leggi tutto...]

Copertina An Introduction to the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation

On-Line

Hájíček, Petr

An Introduction to the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation / by Petr Hájíček. - 1. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. - digital. - (Lecture Notes in Physics ; 750)

Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008

Abstract/Sommario: Geometrization of Mechanics -- Relativistic Particle Dynamics in Gravitational Fields -- Field Dynamics -- Dynamics of Gravity -- Cosmological Models -- Rotationally Symmetric Models of Stars -- Stationary Black Holes. - The geometric interpretation of gravitation is one of the major foundations of modern theoretical physics. This primer introduces classical general relativity with emphasis on the clarity of conceptual structure and on the basic mathematical methods to build up systema ...; [Leggi tutto...]

Copertina An Introduction to Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics

Olla, Piero

An Introduction to Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics / by Piero Olla. - Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2015. - VII, 185 p. 22 illus ; online resource. - (UNITEXT for Physics)

Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2015

Abstract/Sommario: This textbook offers an advanced undergraduate or initial graduate level introduction to topics such as kinetic theory, equilibrium statistical mechanics, and the theory of fluctuations from a modern perspective. The aim is to provide the reader with the necessary tools of probability theory and thermodynamics (especially the thermodynamic potentials) to enable subsequent study at advanced graduate level. At the same time, the book offers a bird's eye view on arguments that are often d ...; [Leggi tutto...]

Copertina An Introduction to Waves and Oscillations in the Sun

On-Line

Narayanan, A. Satya

An Introduction to Waves and Oscillations in the Sun / by A. Satya Narayanan. - New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint : Springer, 2013. - XII, 222 p. 62 illus ; digital. - (Astronomy and Astrophysics Library)

New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint : Springer, 2013

Abstract/Sommario: Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1: Historical Perspectives -- 1.2: The Core of the Sun -- 1.3: Radiative Zone -- 1.4: Convection Zone -- 1.5: Photosphere -- 1.6: Chromosphere -- 1.7: Corona -- 1.8: Solar Wind -- Chapter 2: Electro-Magneto Statics -- 2.1: Charge and Current Distributions -- 2.2: Coulomb's Law -- 2.3: Gauss's Law -- 2.4: Ampere's Law -- 2.5: Faraday's Law -- 2.6: Vector Magnetic Potential -- 2.7: Maxwell's Equations -- Chapter 3: MHD Equations and Concepts -- 3.1: Assumptio ...; [Leggi tutto...] Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1: Historical Perspectives -- 1.2: The Core of the Sun -- 1.3: Radiative Zone -- 1.4: Convection Zone -- 1.5: Photosphere -- 1.6: Chromosphere -- 1.7: Corona -- 1.8: Solar Wind -- Chapter 2: Electro-Magneto Statics -- 2.1: Charge and Current Distributions -- 2.2: Coulomb's Law -- 2.3: Gauss's Law -- 2.4: Ampere's Law -- 2.5: Faraday's Law -- 2.6: Vector Magnetic Potential -- 2.7: Maxwell's Equations -- Chapter 3: MHD Equations and Concepts -- 3.1: Assumptions -- 3.2: Dimensionless Parameters -- 3.3: Mass Continuity -- 3.4: Equations of Motion -- 3.5: Energy Equation -- 3.6: MHD Equilibrium -- 3.7: Magnetic Flux Tubes -- 3.8: Current-free (Potential) fields -- 3.9: Force-Free Fields -- 3.10: Parker's Solution for Solar Wind -- Chapter 4: Waves in Uniform Media -- 4.1: Basic Equations -- 4.2: SoundWaves -- 4.3: Alfv'enWaves -- 4.4: Shear Alfv'enWaves -- 4.5: Compressional Alfv'enWaves -- 4.6: Magneto acoustic Waves -- 4.7: Internal and Magneto acoustic Gravity Waves -- 4.8: Phase-Mixing and Resonant Absorption of Waves -- Chapter 5: Waves in Non-Uniform Media- 5.1: Waves at Magnetic Interface -- 5.2: Surface and InterfacialWaves -- 5.3: Waves in a Magnetic Slab -- 5.4: Waves in Cylindrical Geometries -- 5.5: Waves in Untwisted and Twisted Tubes -- Chapter 6: Instabilities -- 6.1: Introduction -- 6.2: Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) Instability -- 6.3: Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) Instability -- 6.4: Parametric Instability -- 6.5: Parker Instability -- Chapter 7: Waves in the Sun -- 7.1: Five minute oscillations -- 7.2: Oscillations in Sunspots -- 7.3: Chromospheric Oscillations -- 7.4: CoronalWaves -- 7.5: Coronal Seismology -- 7.6: Coronal Heating due to Waves -- 7.7: EIT and MoretonWaves -- Chapter 8: Heliosesimology -- 8.1: Equations of Motion -- 8.2: Equilibrium Structure -- 8.3: Perturbation Analysis -- 8.4: Acoustic Waves -- 8.5: Internal Gravity Waves -- 8.6: Equations of Linear Stellar Oscillations -- 8.7: Properties of Solar Oscillations (Internal) -- 8.8: p and g modes -- References -- Index. - Astrophysicists and others studying the Sun will find this expansive coverage of what we know about waves and oscillations in our nearest star an informative introduction to a hot contemporary topic. After a section summarizing the Sun's physical characteristics, the volume moves on to explore the basics of electrodynamics, which in turn facilitate a discussion of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The material also details the often complex nature of waves and oscillations in uniform and non-uniform media, before categorizing the observational signatures of oscillations and exploring the instabilities in fluid, dealing with a range of known forms. Lastly, a section on helioseismology explores our growing familiarity with the internal structure of the Sun. This book is a unified portal to a thorough grounding in solar waves that includes a wealth of explanatory vignettes demystifying concepts such as flux tubes, current-free and force-free magnetic fields, the prominences, and the relationship between the vorticity and the induction equation. It also sets out the elegant Parker solution describing the phenomenon of solar wind. The volume will inspire readers with the unbridled enthusiasm of astrophysicists who view the Sun as a giant natural plasma laboratory, in interstellar terms located right on our doorstep, in which they can apply and then verify experimental and theoretical studies on plasma through their own observation

Copertina An Invitation to Quantum Field Theory

On-Line

Alvarez-Gaumé, Luis

An Invitation to Quantum Field Theory / by Luis Alvarez-Gaumé, Miguel A. Vázquez-Mozo. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. - XI, 294 p. 91 illus ; digital. - (Lecture Notes in Physics ; 839)

Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012

Abstract/Sommario: Why Do We Need Quantum Field Theory After All? -- From Classical to Quantum Fields -- Theories and Lagrangian I: Matter Fields -- Theories and Lagrangian II: Introducing Gauge Fields -- Theories and Lagrangian II: The Standard Model -- Towards Computational Rules: Feynman Diagrams -- Symmetries I: Continuous Symmetries -- Renormalization -- Anomalies -- The Origin of Mass -- Symmetries II: Discrete Symmetries -- Effective Field Theories and Naturalness -- Special Topics -- Notation, Co ...; [Leggi tutto...] Why Do We Need Quantum Field Theory After All? -- From Classical to Quantum Fields -- Theories and Lagrangian I: Matter Fields -- Theories and Lagrangian II: Introducing Gauge Fields -- Theories and Lagrangian II: The Standard Model -- Towards Computational Rules: Feynman Diagrams -- Symmetries I: Continuous Symmetries -- Renormalization -- Anomalies -- The Origin of Mass -- Symmetries II: Discrete Symmetries -- Effective Field Theories and Naturalness -- Special Topics -- Notation, Conventions and Units -- A Crash Course in Group Theory -- Index. - This book provides an introduction to Quantum Field Theory (QFT) at an elementary level—with only special relativity, electromagnetism and quantum mechanics as prerequisites. For this fresh approach to teaching QFT, based on numerous lectures and courses given by the authors, a representative sample of topics has been selected containing some of the more innovative, challenging or subtle concepts. They are presented with a minimum of technical details, the discussion of the main ideas being more important than the presentation of the typically very technical mathematical details necessary to obtain the final results. Special attention is given to the realization of symmetries in particle physics: global and local symmetries, explicit, spontaneously broken, and anomalous continuous symmetries, as well as discrete symmetries. Beyond providing an overview of the standard model of the strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions and the current understanding of the origin of mass, the text enumerates the general features of renormalization theory as well as providing a cursory description of effective field theories and the problem of naturalness in physics. Among the more advanced topics the reader will find are an outline of the first principles derivation of the CPT theorem and the spin-statistics connection. As indicated by the title, the main aim of this text is to motivate the reader to study QFT by providing a self-contained and approachable introduction to the most exciting and challenging aspects of this successful theoretical framework

Copertina Analog and Digital Signal Analysis : From Basics to Applications

Cohen Tenoudji, Frédéric

Analog and Digital Signal Analysis : From Basics to Applications / by Frédéric Cohen Tenoudji. - Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2016. - XXIII, 608 p. 256 ill., 9 ill. in color ; online resource. - (Modern Acoustics and Signal Processing)

Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2016

Abstract/Sommario: This book provides comprehensive, graduate-level treatment of analog and digital signal analysis suitable for course use and self-guided learning. This expert text guides the reader from the basics of signal theory through a range of application tools for use in acoustic analysis, geophysics, and data compression. Each concept is introduced and explained step by step, and the necessary mathematical formulae are integrated in an accessible and intuitive way. The first part of the book e ...; [Leggi tutto...]

Copertina Analogue Gravity Phenomenology : Analogue Spacetimes and Horizons, from Theory to Experiment

Faccio, Daniele

Analogue Gravity Phenomenology : Analogue Spacetimes and Horizons, from Theory to Experiment / edited by Daniele Faccio, Francesco Belgiorno, Sergio Cacciatori, Vittorio Gorini, Stefano Liberati, Ugo Moschella. - XX, 439 p. 124 ill., 95 ill. in color ; online resource. - (Lecture Notes in Physics ; 870)

Abstract/Sommario: Analogue Gravity Phenomenology is a collection of contributions that cover a vast range of areas in physics, ranging from surface wave propagation in fluids to nonlinear optics. The underlying common aspect of all these topics, and hence the main focus and perspective from which they are explained here, is the attempt to develop analogue models for gravitational systems. The original and main motivation of the field is the verification and study of Hawking radiation from a horizon: the ...; [Leggi tutto...] Analogue Gravity Phenomenology is a collection of contributions that cover a vast range of areas in physics, ranging from surface wave propagation in fluids to nonlinear optics. The underlying common aspect of all these topics, and hence the main focus and perspective from which they are explained here, is the attempt to develop analogue models for gravitational systems. The original and main motivation of the field is the verification and study of Hawking radiation from a horizon: the enabling feature is the possibility to generate horizons in the laboratory with a wide range of physical systems that involve a flow of one kind or another. The years around 2010 and onwards witnessed a sudden surge of experimental activity in this expanding field of research. However, building an expertise in analogue gravity requires the researcher to be equipped with a rather broad range of knowledge and interests. The aim of this book is to bring the reader up to date with the latest developments and provide the basic background required in order to appreciate the goals, difficulties and success stories in the field of analogue gravity. Each chapter of the book treats a different topic explained in detail by the major experts for each specific discipline. The first chapters give an overview of black hole spacetimes and Hawking radiation before moving on to describe the large variety of analogue spacetimes that have been proposed and are currently under investigation. This introductory part is then followed by an in-depth description of what are currently the three most promising analogue spacetime settings, namely surface waves in flowing fluids, acoustic oscillations in Bose-Einstein condensates and electromagnetic waves in nonlinear optics. Both theory and experimental endeavours are explained in detail. The final chapters refer to other aspects of analogue gravity beyond the study of Hawking radiation, such as Lorentz invariance violations and Brownian motion in curved spacetimes, before concluding with a return to the origins of the field and a description of the available observational evidence for horizons in astrophysical black holes

Copertina Analysis of Excitation and Ionization of Atoms and Molecules by Electron Impact

On-Line

Chaudhry, Afzal

Analysis of Excitation and Ionization of Atoms and Molecules by Electron Impact / by Afzal Chaudhry, Hans Kleinpoppen. - New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint : Springer, 2011. - VIII, 232 p ; digital. - (Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics ; 60)

New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint : Springer, 2011

Abstract/Sommario: Introduction -- Theoretical Approaches -- Apparatus for the electron-atom collision studies -- Experimental Techniques -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusion. - Analysis of Excitation and Ionization of Atoms and Molecules by Electron Impact, by Afzal Chaudhry and Hans Kleinpoppen, describes in detail the measurements of the partial and total doubly differential cross sections for the multiple-ionization of rare gas atoms by electron impact. These measurements show, among other trends, ...; [Leggi tutto...] Introduction -- Theoretical Approaches -- Apparatus for the electron-atom collision studies -- Experimental Techniques -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusion. - Analysis of Excitation and Ionization of Atoms and Molecules by Electron Impact, by Afzal Chaudhry and Hans Kleinpoppen, describes in detail the measurements of the partial and total doubly differential cross sections for the multiple-ionization of rare gas atoms by electron impact. These measurements show, among other trends, the role of Auger transitions in the production of multiply ionized atoms in the region where the incident electron energy is sufficient to produce inner shell ionization. Other processes like Coster-Kronig transitions and shake off also contribute towards increasing the charge of the ions. As discussed in the book, an incident electron having energy of 6 keV, for example, in a collision with xenon atom can remove up to nine electrons! The measurements of doubly differential cross sections for the dissociative and non-dissociative ionization of hydrogen, sulfur dioxide and sulfur hexa fluoride molecular gases are also explored. The results of the measurements for the sulfur dioxide molecule provide strategies for ways in which this major atmospheric pollutant can be removed from the atmosphere by electron impact dissociation. The book also delves into the present measurements of the polarization parameters of the fluorescence radiation emitted by the excited atoms of sodium and potassium. It thoroughly investigates the excitation of helium atoms and the helium-like alkaline earth metal atoms of calcium and strontium as well. This book invites the reader to learn more about the excitation and ionization of atoms and molecules by leading to the discovery of new processes and the excitement of surprising results. Hans Kleinpoppen is Editor of Polarized Electron/Polarized Photon Physics (Springer, 1995) and Selected Topics on Electron Physics (Springer, 1996)

Copertina Analysis of Quantised Vortex Tangle

Taylor, Alexander John

Analysis of Quantised Vortex Tangle / by Alexander John Taylor. - Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2017. - XVI, 197 p. 95 ill., 84 ill. in color ; online resource. - (Springer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research)

Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2017

Abstract/Sommario: In this thesis, the author develops numerical techniques for tracking and characterising the convoluted nodal lines in three-dimensional space, analysing their geometry on the small scale, as well as their global fractality and topological complexity---including knotting---on the large scale. The work is highly visual, and illustrated with many beautiful diagrams revealing this unanticipated aspect of the physics of waves. Linear superpositions of waves create interference patterns, wh ...; [Leggi tutto...]

Copertina Analysis of the Electric Dipole Moment in the R-parity Violating Supersymmetric Standard Model

Yamanaka, Nodoka

Analysis of the Electric Dipole Moment in the R-parity Violating Supersymmetric Standard Model / by Nodoka Yamanaka. - XIV, 219 p. 52 ill., 7 ill. in color ; online resource. - (Springer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research)

Abstract/Sommario: In this thesis the author discusses the phenomenology of supersymmetric models by means of experimental data set analysis of the electric dipole moment. There is an evaluation of the elementary processes contributing to the electric dipole moments within R-parity-violating supersymmetry, which call for higher-order perturbative computations. A new method based on linear programming is developed and for the first time the non-trivial parameter space of R-parity violation respecting the ...; [Leggi tutto...]

Ricerca nel catalogo