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Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2017
Abstract/Sommario: This undergraduate text explores a variety of large-scale phenomena - global warming, ice ages, water, poverty - and uses these case studies as a motivation to explore nonlinear dynamics, power-law statistics, and complex systems. Although the detailed mathematical descriptions of these topics can be challenging, the consequences of a system being nonlinear, power-law, or complex are in fact quite accessible. This book blends a tutorial approach to the mathematical aspects of complex s ...; [Leggi tutto...]
Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint : Springer, 2012
Abstract/Sommario: Introduction -- Stochastic Model for the Description of Surface Reaction Systems -- Kinetic Monte Carlo Algorithms -- How to Get Kinetic Parameters -- Modeling Surface Reactions I -- Modeling Surface Reactions II -- Examples -- New Developments -- Glossary -- Index. - Kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations still represent a quite new area of research, with a rapidly growing number of publications. Broadly speaking, kMC can be applied to any system describable as a set of minima of a pot ...; [Leggi tutto...]
Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2016
Abstract/Sommario: This book collates past and current research on one of the most promising emerging modalities for breast cancer detection. Readers will discover how, as a standalone technology or in conjunction with another modality, microwave imaging has the potential to provide reliable, safe and comfortable breast exams at low cost. Current breast imaging modalities include X- ray, Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Positron Emission Tomography. Each of these methods suffers from limitatio ...; [Leggi tutto...]
Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint : Springer, 2012
Abstract/Sommario: Introduction -- Basics of Finite Groups -- Subgroups and Decompositions of Multiplets -- Anomalies -- Non-Abelian Discrete Symmetry in Quark/Lepton Flavor Models -- Useful Theorems -- Representations of S4 in Different Bases -- Representations of A4 in Different Bases -- Representations of A5 in Different Bases -- Representations of T1 in Different Bases -- Other Smaller Groups -- References. - These lecture notes provide a tutorial review of non-Abelian discrete groups and show some a ...; [Leggi tutto...]
Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2016
Abstract/Sommario: Observational Astrophysics follows the general outline of an astrophysics undergraduate curriculum targeting practical observing information to what will be covered at the university level. This includes the basics of optics and coordinate systems to the technical details of CCD imaging, photometry, spectography and radio astronomy. General enough to be used by students at a variety of institutions and advanced enough to be far more useful than observing guides targeted at amateurs, t ...; [Leggi tutto...]
Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint : Springer, 2010
Abstract/Sommario: Introduction -- Spin Models -- Quantum Treatment of the Spin-1/2 Chain -- The Antiferromagnetic Ground State -- Antiferromagnetic Spin Waves -- The XY Model -- Spin-Wave Theory -- Numerical Finite-Size Calculations -- Other Approximate Methods -- The Coupled-Cluster Method -- Quantum Magnetism -- Index. - The topic of lattice quantum spin systems is a fascinating and by now well-established branch of theoretical physics. However, many important questions remain to be answered. Their in ...; [Leggi tutto...]
Milano : Springer Milan : Imprint : Springer, 2006
Abstract/Sommario: Introduction -- Relativistic field theory -- Scattering theory -- Feynman diagrams -- Spinor fields -- Gauge symmetries -- The standard model -- Spontaneous breaking of the gauge symmetry -- Breaking of accidental symmetries -- Summary -- Applications -- Neutrino masses and mixings. - These notes are designed as a guide-line for a course in Elementary Particle Physics for undergraduate students. The purpose is providing a rigorous and self-contained presentation of the theoretical fram ...; [Leggi tutto...]
Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2014
Abstract/Sommario: These lectures are meant to be a reference and handbook for an introductory course in Theoretical Particle Physics, suitable for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate students. Their purpose is to reconcile theoretical rigour and completeness with a careful analysis of more phenomenological aspects of the physics. They aim at filling the gap between quantum field theory textbooks and purely phenomenological treatments of fundamental interactions. The first part provides an intr ...; [Leggi tutto...]
Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007
Abstract/Sommario: Introduction -- Manifolds -- Topology of Riemann Surfaces -- Analytic Structure -- Differentials and Integration -- Tori and Jacobians -- Projective Varieties -- Moduli Spaces of Curves -- Vector Bundles, Sheaves and Cohomology -- The Theorem of Riemann-Roch for Line Bundles -- The Mumford Isomorphism on the Moduli Space -- Modern Algebraic Geometry -- Schemes -- Hodge Decomposition and Kähler Manifold -- Calabi-Yau Manifolds and Mirror Symmetry. - This book gives an introduction to mo ...; [Leggi tutto...]
Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011
Abstract/Sommario: Introduction -- Global Symmetry, Local Symmetry, and the Lattice -- What is Confinement?- Order Parameters for Confinement -- Properties of the Confining Force -- Confinement From Center Vortices I -- Monopoles, Calorons, and Dual Superconductivity -- Coulomb Confinement -- Ghosts, Gluons, and Dyson-Schwinger Equations -- Large-N, Planar Diagrams, and the Gluon-Chain Model -- The Vacuum Wavefunctional -- Anti-deSitter Space and Confinement -- Concluding Remarks -- Index. - This book ad ...; [Leggi tutto...]